A switchgear control panel is an enclosed assembly containing primary power circuit switching. It interrupts devices and controls devices. Generally, all these are individually mounted and compartmentalized and can be operated across a wide range of voltages. This article reviews the purpose of a switchgear control panel, factors influencing the panel design, and switchgear control wiring.

Purpose of a Switchgear Control Panel

Generally, a switchgear control panel is the first place electricity arrives in an industrial facility. Thus, it serves as a gateway for incoming power before distribution to other system parts. Switchgears are common in high-voltage applications with ratings above 36 kV; however, they can also operate in low-voltage setups with ratings up to 1,000 VAC and 1,500 VDC. These panels are an important part of commercial and industrial facilities for the following reasons:

• Protection: A switchgear control panel serves as an intelligent hub that regulates the flow of electricity to parts of commercial or industrial facilities. It monitors and detects faults such as overloads and short circuits and prevents them from affecting other sections of the facility. As a result, it can protect both equipment and personnel.
• Isolation: Switchgear control panels have a compartmentalized setup – often utilizing draw-out breakers. Moreover, this enables operators to isolate and disconnect specific sections of the electrical network for maintenance or in case of emergencies. This capability enhances the reliability and availability of the overall power distribution system. It also facilitates efficient electricity utilization by enabling selective power distribution and load shedding, thus, promoting energy conservation.
• Local or Remote Switching: A switchgear control panel enables operators to switch on or off certain devices or sections of a facility either physically or remotely. The control panel also allows automated functions such as emergency shutdown.